CLT Core House

An Expected Journey

Students dressed as hobbits, for Halloween, are posed in front of Red Barn.

While it may have been expected, do not let the title fool you. In the long journey of every Rural Studio team, everyone will at some point come to a moment where they need to build a mock-up to test their ideas. What would be the point of a mock-up if everything always went exactly how we planned? The unexpected results of an expected endeavor are some of the most valuable lessons we have learned in our effort to design a home for Loretta and her son.

At the end of our last blog, we were ready to move the mock-up core. We were trying to test a few key factors from our design and construction process. Actually, we were mainly testing two factors. First, we needed to see how realistic, or possible, it was to try and move this core from the off-site location of the Fabrication Pavilion to its eventual resting place on-site. And second, we wanted to test the durability of the core and its finishes during this process. We are happy to report that both tests went better than we could have imagined!

Let’s walk through the process and our main takeaways. Our first challenge was figuring out how to move the cores on the Fabrication Pavilion. We used hydraulic forklifts for this step, and they worked just as intended. Next, we had to rig the core on the end of the Pavilion so that our friend, Crane Shane, could move it to the trailer. Here, we realized that the real cores will be larger than the mock-up, so the channels for the straps will be further apart to provide better stability.

Once the core was strapped to the trailer, we took the core on a “joyride” to simulate the strain it would be under over a longer distance. After arriving safely at the site, we rigged it again for the final move. We knew the main trick to this was to ensure that the core was level once it was placed into the slab depression. This went better than planned (unexpectedly we know), and it sat well within our tolerance for levelness and placement.

After celebrating this success, we had to tilt up the CLT (cross-laminated timber) wall that would, in the real project, help to form the area between the kitchen and bathroom cores that will be the laundry and mechanical room. We realized that despite our best efforts, the main slab was not perfectly level. So, trying to rest the wall on this unlevel slab and pull it tight to a level main core was a challenge. We managed this by using ratchet straps to pull it in tight. In doing so, the wall was now too tall due to the misalignments in the slab. As a result, when we placed the CLT roof (meant to cover this space), it did not line up perfectly with the main core’s roof as intended. To fix this, we will deliberately build the stud framed portion of this wall shorter than intended and leave the CLT portion larger than intended. For the real house, we will be able to tilt it up. Then, we can take the accurate measurements for the height of the CLT walls and make the appropriate cuts they need to fit between the two cores.

Lastly, like many students before us, we had to build the “house” part of the mock-up. Unlike our predecessors, who built mock-ups at a smaller scale, our core had to be full scale to adequately test the moving process, the rest of the build had to follow suit. Here, the benefit of a mock-up truly shined. We learned so much about what it takes to build a house. We saw how easy it was to make a small mistake and oftentimes, how hard it is to think ourselves out of it.

With all of this under our belt, we have finally begun work on the real project. We have also gotten the chance to meet with some more amazing reviewers and consultants.

Students cut CLT on the back of Fab Pav.

All seriousness aside, we are still making time for a little fun!

Four Cores and Seven Weeks Ago…

Student lying down on wooden framed box.

The CLT Core House team had just begun their journey to build the core mock-up. Bright-eyed and eager to prove their design’s worth, they got to work. Despite the heat, it was exciting for them to be working outside.

They exclaimed, “Finally, we can get our hands dirty!” Though they, like many before them, were about to see an entirely new side of design, one that would transform their drawings into reality and expose the previously missed shortcomings. A humble lesson for all, and perhaps the most potent. Yet the team treated these lessons as opportunities, not an embarrassments, and were pleased to embrace them.

How optimistic! How youthful!

The act of, as it were, “mocking up” a design is a pivotal moment for any builder, green or experienced alike. It forced the CLT Core House team to reckon with the stutters in their meticulous design process. No matter how long the process took, they learned new lessons. One would think that after the third consecutive day of sanding wood, they might have stopped to question the process. Alas, they powered through for the fourth, and yes, fifth day of sanding.

How determined! How youthful!

Once the students realized that sanding one spot means sanding all spots, they came to their senses and scrapped the sanding altogether.

Do not fear, dear reader: not all lessons were born of mistakes. Many a wise word was gained from consults versed in all manners of design. Among these travelers came Joe Burns of Chicago, the city of winds, to aid our CLT Core House team in structural matters. He continually adds merit to their work, ensuring that their uncommon use of shiplap as both a ceiling and structural member effectively transfers shear loads from walls to the central core as intended.

Many more came bearing gifts of knowledge and advice. Jonas Weber of David Baker Architects, defender of tile, Kiel Moe and Jacob Mans of various wooded landscapes, and lady Adele Schirmer of all things civil (engineering) have helped to refine the details of the cores themselves and the performance of the house. The CLT Core House team is so appreciative of this aid, not forgetting the many more who have helped take this project to where it is.

A model representing the bathroom core's tile and CLT.

How Fortunate!

Soon they will endeavor to build on a full scale. They do seem to feel as though they are ready…

How Ambitious! How Youthful!

Students demonstrate the layout of their mock-up.

Straightening Ducks and Mocking-Up

Students stand proudly on dug trenches for mockup.
Duck Ahead!

In the time since our graduation, the world has kept spinning. The team quickly returned to work on the project with the time for outside work quickly approaching.

After all the labor poured into iteration and preparation, we are ready to make our plans a reality. In Rural Studio fashion that means it’s mock-up time! But let’s not get ahead of ourselves here. We must get all our ducks in a row, or at least some of them into a decently straight line. We worked on transforming the core and house elements to a smaller scale, while also putting the finishing touches on details with the help of Dan Wheeler.

Dan Wheeler sketches over 1 to 1 detail drawings.

We are also double and triple-checking our structural strategy with Joe Burns. On top of this, we met with Thomas Paterson to discuss our general lighting strategies, which, like many other things, needs more iteration. With all this help, everything is looking good enough to get started. So, we have officially broken ground on our mock-up and things are progressing smoothly.

It is fascinating to realize that there is another layer of complexity in construction that we must reckon with beyond the seemingly overwhelming complexity we face with our drawings and design. It is a lot to keep track of and easy to make a mistake, which you then find yourself taking time to fix. One of the incredible opportunities of Rural Studio is that we must work through all these problems as a team and truly understand the repercussions of what we design. No one does it for you; if we find a problem, we must think ourselves out of it.

Groundbreaking News: We Broke Ground

So where are we today? Well, we are busy finishing the foundation trenches and prepping our pieces for the assembly. We have built the core base and the walls. We also have the formwork assembled and rebar cut to size.

Materials and pallet for the project organized on Fab Pav.

Throughout, we have been critiquing and altering our process and design. As soon as we finished the core base, we became aware of how we would build differently and how it would be designed differently. We all know that design has a long way to go and that even as the house itself is built, we will see things we would change if we could do it again. But that’s for future teams to figure out.

For now, we are pleased with our progress and do not want to slow down anytime soon. At the time of writing this, we are hoping to pour our mock-up slab in one week! It has been a welcome change of pace to do some physical work. We’ll see how long that disposition lasts in this heat. But for now, we are happy to swim through the humidity towards our next task.

Here Comes the Leftovers

Students walk across the street
DOO-DOO-DOO-DOO

Since the team’s last blog post, a lot has happened. All of April was spent preparing for Pig Roast and the Executive Reviews that followed. The team focused on refining our thesis to fit our goals. We tried to bring the level of detail of the whole house up to as high a standard as possible. There always seems to be another layer of detail to dive into as we learn more about the project.

One to one detail drawing of whole house section.

These big upcoming reviews naturally meant that we needed to spend more time on how the house feels, inside and out. We are having a good time zooming out of detail land and drawing through how the elevations may look and what kind of interior finishes we want. We have some general criteria for making these decisions, but we are approaching a time when seeing how these things look in real life is becoming ever more important.

We also finally have a site! Due to the nature of our project being non-site-specific, it made sense to spend a certain amount of time designing the house without the bias of knowing where our version would go. We are excited to dive deeper into the site, analyzing every inch. Our site is fairly flat undeveloped land, surrounded by trees. Also, it is located right off the road in downtown Newbern. With the downtown projects so close by, we have a high bar to live up to!

Model of house photoshopped onto site photo

We still have to explore through drawings, models, and research before we can try building. Even so, a mock-up is on the horizon. While the finishes are important, the most critical parts of the building process are what need to be tested with this mock-up. The processes of building, moving, installing, and protecting these cores throughout that duration is the real focus of our thesis, along with how all of that process will impact the house.

Pig Roast!

Enough about the preparations. We had a great Pig Roast Weekend! Both 5th-year teams worked hard, and we all felt our presentations went well. It was a beautiful day, and the wind blew our drawings away only once—nice! We tried to have some fun and act out our building process. A little improv went a long way. In the end, it was great to celebrate with friends and family, and the event at Chantilly was unforgettable.

Did someone say leftovers?!

After all that fun, we had to go to Auburn for the much less fun but equally (in some ways) important Graduation. So that’s it. We are adults now who have all the answers to everything. There is nothing we are unprepared for in the real world because now we have a degree. All jokes aside, it has been a pleasure to spend our final school year at Rural Studio. We are so thankful for our time at Auburn and beyond excited to start our time as leftovers to continue the hard work.

Students pose together at graduation
WAR DAMN EAGLE!

Best Footing Forward

Collage of slab to core connections

Welcome back to the CLT Core House team blog! It has been a busy month filled with details and deliberation. As the title suggests, we have been focused on our footing design, particularly on the connection of our heavy and bulky CLT core to our concrete slab. We wish it were as simple as just “screwin’ er’ down.” However, because the slab will be on grade at ground level, we’ve found it difficult to design the right detail. We have worked through many kinds of solutions, all of which we eventually dropped for either being too complicated or too messy.

While working through footing details, we have identified the need for our core to be a six-sided box that arrives on-site wrapped like a present with a bow: something that you only unwrap once you are finished with the dirty business of finishing a house. Also, we know we want our concrete slab to be finished in one pour to avoid the orchestration of getting a concrete truck and team on site multiple times.

Our latest strategy—single-pour slab and a completed box—may not seem like much, but it eliminates most of our previous hurdles. As we both design the core and develop the process of moving and placing it, we are focusing on making sure others can easily replicate our work in the majority of rural contexts. The footing, our most recent detail, is hitting most if not all of our criteria and we continue to examine and refine it. What’s funny is that the final connection is only screws, so we may just be screwin’ er’ down after all.

Section of bathroom core footing

In Other News,

We have been steadily working in various other areas of the project. We are drawing elevation options, both interior and exterior and considering where our porches should be and what they look like. We are also asking ourselves what the human comfort scheme is, which is the heating and cooling of the house, and what passive strategies we could employ.

We have also been in the business of testing the spatial aspects of the cores and taking field trips to Rural Studio projects and places.

This point in the project is exciting. Hopefully, in the next blog, you will see a mock-up and some details that are finally nailed down, pun intended.